Chronic Kidney Disease

Epidemiology and Risk Factors

Pathophysiology

Aetiology

Clinical Manifestations

Diagnostic Approach and DDx

Investigations

Management

Medical

Surgical

Anaesthetic Considerations

  • C
    • Concomitant cardiac disease
    • TTE valuable
    • Cardiology consultation if <4 METS
  • D
    • Encephalopathy
    • “Dialysis dementia”
  • F
    • Urine output
      Oliguric vs. anuric.
    • Dialysis regimen
      • Peritoneal dialysis
        Drain dwell prior to procedure to optimise ventilation.
      • Haemodialysis
        • Fistula
          • Don’t cannulate fistula or that arm
          • Avoid compression
    • Electrolytes
      • K+/Ca2+/Mg2+
      • UECs
      • Uraemia
      • Acid/base balance
  • G
    • Delayed gastric emptying
    • Peptic ulceration
  • H
    • Anaemia
      Aim Hb 90-100.
    • Platelet dysfunction

Marginal and Ineffective Therapies

Complications

Prognosis

Key Studies

References