Zygomycoses
Collection of life-threatening fungal infections caused by:
- Mucorales
Causes the majority of cases, and generally known as mucor. - Entomopthorales
Epidemiology and Risk Factors
Mucormycosis:
- 3rd most common disease of stem-cell transplants
- ↑ Incidence
Pathophysiology
Aetiology
Clinical Manifestations
Generally non-specific:
- Local inflammation
- Generally sinusitis as sinus infection common
- Progression to more extensive local invasion with:
- Cellulitis
- Black eschar over skin
- Pneumonia
- Cerebral invasion
- Cranial nerve signs
- Cellulitis
Diagnostic Approach and DDx
Investigations
Bedside:
Laboratory:
- Culture
- Generally 3-5 days to positivity
- Tissue or abscess samples
- Periodic acid-Schiff staining
- Grocott’s methenamine silver dry-mount staining
Imaging:
Other:
Management
Resuscitation:
Specific therapy:
- Pharmacological
- Antifungals
- Amphotericin B
- Antifungals
- Procedural
- Physical
Supportive care:
Disposition:
Preventative: