Pelvic Fractures

Pelvic trauma is associated with high-energy mechanisms and major haemorrhage. Pelvic fractures are classified by the nature of force into:

Lateral compression
Lateral force.
- Grade I
  Stable.
  - Oblique or transverse ramus fracture
  - Ipsilateral sacral ala compression fracture
- Grade II
  Rotationally unstable, vertically stable.
  - Rami fracture
  - Ipsilateral posterior ilium fracture-dislocation
- Grade III
  Completely unstable.
  - Grade II with anteroposterior compression fracture on contralateral side
Anteroposterior compression
Anterior or posterior force. Leads to open-book or sprung pelvis fractures, and divided into:
- Grade I
  Stable.
  - Symphysis widening <2.5cm
- Grade II
  Rotationally unstable, vertically stable.
  - Symphysis widening >2.5cm
  - Diastasis of anterior SI joint
  - Intact posterior SI ligaments
- Grade III
  Completely unstable.
  - Disruption of anterior and posterior SI ligaments
  - Associated vascular injury
Vertical shear
Vertical force; typically falls from height or MVA. Completely unstable.
Combined mechanism
Completely unstable. Injuries that do not fit into the above classification.

Epidemiology and Risk Factors

Bedside:

Laboratory:

Imaging:

Other:

Resuscitation:

Specific therapy:

Supportive care:

Disposition:

Preventative: